Tell about Chipko Aandolan ?

For example, Bahuguna famously fasted for two weeks in 1974 to protest forest policy.

. A lady named Amrita Devi gave up her life while she was in a battle to protect the trees from being cut down. And only after this incident, the king of Jodhpur banned the cutting of trees in the Bishnoi village.

In 1978, in the Advani forest in the Tehri Garhwal district, Chipko activist Dhoom Singh Negi fasted to protest the auctioning of the forest, while local women tied sacred threads around the trees and read from the Bhagavadgita.

Above all, it stirred up the existing civil society in India, which began to address the issues of tribal and marginalized people.
Today, beyond the eco-socialism hue, it is being seen increasingly as an ecofeminism movement.

In 1978, in the Advani forest in the Tehri Garhwal district, Chipko activist Dhoom Singh Negi fasted to protest the auctioning of the forest, while local women tied sacred threads around the trees and read from the Bhagavadgita.

The movement was triggered in the year 1963, where Uttar Pradesh faced the China border conflict. The forests were being invaded by the Chinese army as they were rich in minerals and were seen as a major infrastructural development. But these same forests were the lifeblood of the villagers.

Although many of its leaders were men, women were not only its backbone, but also its mainstay, because they were the ones most affected by the rampant deforestation which led to a lack of firewood and fodder as well as water for drinking and irrigation. Over the years they also became primary stakeholders in a majority of the afforestation work that happened under the Chipko movement.

In other areas, chir pines (Pinus roxburghii) that had been tapped for resin were bandaged to protest their exploitation

In the year 1973, in Uttar Pradesh's Chamoli District, the first ever famous Chipko Movement was made. It was a non-violent agitation again the cutting down of trees. Later on, this movement was remembered as the collective gathering of women and children to save the forest and protect its wildlife.

As the movement continued, protests became more project-oriented and expanded to include the entire ecology of the region, ultimately becoming the “Save Himalaya” movement.

In 1987, the Chipko movement was awarded the Right Livelihood Award.[6] The chipko aandolan is a movement that practised the Gandhian methods of Satyagraha where both male and female activists played vital roles, including Gaura Devi, Sudesha Devi, Bachni Devi and Chandi Prasad Bhatt.

In Pulna village in the Bhyundar valley in 1978, the women confiscated the loggers’ tools and left receipts for them to be claimed if they withdrew from the forest.

The term 'Chipko' means to 'embrace' and under this movement, the villagers came together and formed a circle around the tree as though hugging the tree and saving its life. This movement helped the women to change their positions in the society and brought some respect to them.

Sports manufacturing company was given permission to cut down the trees and make sports equipment. The villagers tried to approach the government to stop this but all their appeals were denied. In the year 1973, there was another Chipko movement near the village Mandal, led by the then environmental fundamentalist and Gandhian activist Chandi Prasad Bhatt.

It is estimated that between 1972 and 1979, more than 150 villages were involved with the Chipko movement, resulting in 12 major protests and many minor confrontations in Uttarakhand.

In the 1970s, an organized resistance to the destruction of forests spread throughout India and came to be known as the Chipko movement. The name of the movement comes from the word 'embrace', as the villagers hugged the trees, and prevented the contractors' from felling them.

Sunderlal Bahuguna was an eco-activist and he spent all his life educating and spreading the word of afforestation. He educated the villagers to protest against the destruction of Himalayan Mountains and the forest. He can be best remembered with the slogan of "ecology is the permanent economy". He made this slogan under the Prime Ministership of Indira Gandhi.

The movement’s major success came in 1980, when an appeal from Bahuguna to Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi resulted in a 15-year ban on commercial felling in the Uttarakhand Himalayas.

The Chipko protests in Uttar Pradesh achieved a major victory in 1980 with a 15-year ban on green felling in the Himalayan forests of that state by the order of Mrs Indira Gandhi, the then Prime Minister of India. Since then, the movement has spread to many states in the country. In addition to the 15-year ban in Uttar Pradesh, the movement has stopped felling in the Western Ghats and the Vindhyas and has generated pressure for a natural resource policy that is more sensitive to people's needs and ecological requirements.

Similar bans were enacted in Himachal Pradesh and the former Uttaranchal.

As the movement continued, protests became more project-oriented and expanded to include the entire ecology of the region, ultimately becoming the “Save Himalaya” movement. Between 1981 and 1983, Bahuguna marched 5,000 km (3,100 miles) across the Himalayas to bring the movement to prominence.

Throughout the 1980s many protests were focused on the Tehri dam on the Bhagirathi River and various mining operations, resulting in the closure of at least one limestone quarry.

Similarly, a massive reforestation effort led to the planting of more than one million trees in the region.

In 2004 Chipko protests resumed in response to the lifting of the logging ban in Himachal Pradesh but were unsuccessful in its reenactment.

The modern movement was a collective protest that the rural folk undertook, based on the Gandhian principles of non-violence. This was a concerted way to halt the ravaging of the foothills of the Himalayas. In the name of development