What is Electric Battery ?

A high school student developed an average sized cell phone battery that can be fully charged in as little as 30 seconds

. Apple suggests 32° Fahrenheit as the lowest operating ambient temperature for the iPhone because a cold smartphone battery can drain faster than normal or it might say it has ample power remaining and then suddenly go dead.

1 In an alkaline battery, the cathode actually doubles as part of the container. Huge loads of the constituent ingredients—manganese dioxide, carbon black (graphite), and an electrolyte (potassium hydroxide in solution)—are delivered by train and mixed in very large batches at the production site.

A high school student developed an average sized cell phone battery that can be fully charged in as little as 30 seconds

When charging a car battery, connecting positive to negative and negative to positive could result in damage to the alternator or even an explosion.

A battery is a device that can create electricity using a chemical reaction. It converts energy stored in molecules inside the battery into electricity.

A high school student developed an average sized cell phone battery that can be fully charged in as little as 30 seconds

The mixture is then granulated and pressed or compacted into hollow cylinders called preforms. Depending on the size of the battery being made, several preforms may be stacked one on top of another in a battery. Alternatively, the series of preforms can be replaced by an extruded ring of the same material.

Researchers created battery made with wood

Benjamin Franklin coined the term battery during his experiments with electricity

They produce direct current (DC) electricity (electricity that flows in one direction, and does not switch back and forth).

2 The preforms are next inserted into a nickel-plated steel can; the combination of the preforms and the steel can make up the cathode of the battery. In a large operation, the cans are made at the battery factory using standard cutting and forming techniques

A high school student developed an average sized cell phone battery that can be fully charged in as little as 30 seconds.

Using the electricity from an outlet in a house or building is cheaper and uses less energy, but a battery can provide electricity in areas that do not have electric power distribution.

3 A paper separator soaked in the electrolyte solution is then inserted inside the can against the preforms; the separator is made from several pieces of paper laid at crossgrains to each other (like plywood). Looking down at an open can, one would see what looks like a paper cup inserted into the can. The separator keeps the cathode material from coming into contact with the anode material. As an alternative, a manufacturer might use a porous synthetic fiber for the same purpose.

It is also useful for things that moved around and cords would get in the way.

Benjamin Franklin coined the term battery during his experiments with electricity.

4 The anode goes into the battery can next. It is a gel composed primarily of zinc powder, along with other materials including a potassium hydroxide electrolyte. This gel has the consistency of a very thick paste. Rather than a solution, it is chemically a suspension, in which particles do not settle (though an appropriate filter could separate them). The gel does not fill the can to the top so as to allow space for the chemical reactions that will occur once the battery is put into use.

It can be one cell or a group of cells. Each cell has an anode, cathode and electrolyte

5 Though the battery is able to produce electricity at this point, an open cell is not practical and would exhaust its potential rapidly. The battery needs to be sealed with three connected components. The first, a brass "nail" or long spike, is inserted into the middle of the can, through the gel material and serves as a "current collector."

The electrolyte is the main material inside the battery. It is often a type of acid, and can be dangerous to touch. The anode reacts with the electrolyte to produce electrons (this is the negative or - end).

This seal is significantly thinner in some places than in others, so that if too much gas builds up in the can, the seal will rupture rather than the entire battery. Some battery designs make use of a wax-filled hole in the plastic; excess gas pushes through the wax rather than rupturing the battery.

The cathode reacts with the electrolyte and wants electrons (this is the positive or + end).

The opposite end of the can (the positive end of the battery) is then closed with a steel plate that is either welded in place or glued with an epoxy-type cement.

An electric current happens when a wire connects the anode to the cathode, and the electrons move from one end to the other.