Tell about Partition of India ?

Kolkata was badly affected by the creation of East Pakistan. It had thriving industries such as textiles which needed raw materials from Bangladesh. After Partition, the industry withered and died.

In 1858, after the brutal Sepoy Rebellion, the rule of India was transferred to the English crown, with Queen Victoria proclaimed as Empress of India in 1878.

By the latter half of the 19th century, England brought the full force of the Industrial Revolution to the region, with railroads, canals, bridges, and telegraph lines providing new communication links and opportunities.

Most of the jobs created went to the English; much of the land used for these advances came from the farmers and were paid for by local taxes.

Medical advances under the Company and British Raj, such as smallpox vaccinations, improved sanitation, and quarantine procedures, led to a steep rise in population

Protectionist landlords depressed agricultural innovations in the rural areas, and as a result, famines broke out

The worst was known as the Great Famine of 1876–1878, when between six million and 10 million people died.

The issue of the border with Bangladesh is complicated. It is only now that the Modi Government has secured enclaves from Bangladesh and given them enclaves in Indian territory.

It was created as a secular state with Muslim majority, but it started atrocities on non-Muslims pretty early in it's life. Today the minorities in Pakistan are oppressed and helpless, and Pakistan is the birthplace of many terrorist organisations.

Universities established in India led to a new middle class, and in turn, social reform and political action began to rise..

In 1885, the Hindu-dominated Indian National Congress (INC) met for the first time.

Due to Partition, Pakistan had to maintain military presence in Kashmir and the Afghanistan border. This was definitely a drain on their economy more than it was for India. Also they had to manage East Pakistan which was far from West Pakistan with hostile India in the way.

When the British made an attempt to divide the state of Bengal along religious lines in 1905, the INC led huge protests against the plan.

In the Cold War, the United States enticed Pakistan as a response to the Russian involvement in Afghanistan. This would not have been possible had India and Pakistan been the same nation because of the stable policymakers in New Delhi

Before Partition, the Muslims of the region showed solidartity with Gandhi and the Indian Nation under Gaffar Khan. They even did not follow the Islamic law. They would have been cared for in an United India.

This sparked the formation of the Muslim League, which sought to guarantee the rights of Muslims in any future independence negotiations.

Although the Muslim League was founded in Dhaka and it was them who raised the call for a Pakistan, the East Pakistanis were treated badly by the West Pakistanis. They were forced to learn Urdu, whereas the people identified themselves more as Bengalis and learned Bengali.

Although the Muslim League formed in opposition to the INC, and the British colonial government attempted to play the INC and Muslim League off one another

Bangladesh actually gained from breaking away from Pakistan asthey could approach India, which has a significant Bengali population, for help and assistance. They could celebrate Bengali culture in their unique way

the two political parties generally cooperated in their mutual goal of getting Britain to "Quit India.

Bangladesh could not improve it's infrastructure. Had they remained in the Union it would have been a significant part of the country. They could have possibly overtaken Bombay in pecking order for economic superiority.

As historian Yasmin Khan has described, political events were to destroy the long-term future of that uneasy alliance.

In 1909, the British gave separate electorates to different religious communities, which had the outcome of hardening of boundaries among the different sects.

The colonial government emphasized these differences, by such activities as providing separate restroom and water facilities for Muslims and Hindus at the railway terminals.

By the 1920s, a heightened sense of religious ethnicity became apparent.