What is the Election Code of Conduct?

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Election Commission of India's Model Code of Conduct is a set of guidelines issued by the Election Commission of India for conduct of political parties and candidates during elections mainly with respect to speeches, polling day, polling booths, portfolios, election manifestos, processions and general conduct. These set of norms has been evolved with the consensus of political parties who have consented to abide by the principles embodied in the said code in its letter and spirit.The Model Code of Conduct comes into force immediately on announcement of the election schedule by the commission for the need of ensuring free and fair elections.

Election Commission of India's Model Code of Conduct is a set of guidelines issued by the Election Commission of India for conduct of political parties and candidates during elections mainly with respect to speeches, polling day, polling booths, portfolios, election manifestos, processions and general conduct.

These set of norms has been evolved with the consensus of political parties who have consented to abide by the principles embodied in the said code in its letter and spirit.The Model Code of Conduct comes into force immediately on announcement of the election schedule by the commission for the need of ensuring free and fair elections.

Much of it is designed to avert communal clashes and corrupt practices. For example, politicians should not make hate speeches, putting one community against another or make promises about new projects that may sway a voter.

For the 2014 general election the code came into force on 5 March 2014 when the Commission announced the dates and remains in force till the end of the electoral process.

"The Model Code of Conduct(MKC) is crucial to make sure a level playing field among various contenders in the poll fray," said the Chief Election Commissioner V.S. Sampath at the press conference.

Government bodies are not to participate in any recruitment process during the electoral process.

The contesting candidates and their campaigners must respect the home life of their rivals and should not disturb them by holding road shows or demonstrations in front of their houses. The code tells the candidates to keep it.

The election campaign rallies and road shows must not hinder the road traffic.

Candidates are asked to refrain from distributing liquor to voters. It is a widely known fact in India that during election campaigning, liquor may be distributed to the voters.

The election code in force hinders the government or ruling party leaders from launching new welfare programmes like construction of roads, provision of drinking water facilities etc. or any ribbon-cutting ceremonies.

The code instructs that public spaces like meeting grounds, helipads, government guest houses and bungalows should be equally shared among the contesting candidates. These public spaces should not be monopolised by a few candidates.

On polling day, all party candidates should cooperate with the poll-duty officials at the voting booths for an orderly voting process. Candidates should not display their election symbols near and around the poll booths on the polling day. No one should enter the booths without a valid pass from the Election Commission.

There will be poll observers to whom any complaints can be reported or submitted.

The ruling party should not use its seat of power for the campaign purposes.

The ruling party ministers should not make any ad-hoc appointment of officials, which may influence the voters in favour of the party in power.

Before using loud speakers during their poll campaigning, candidates and political parties must obtain permission or license from the local authorities. The candidates should inform the local police for conducting election rallies to enable the police authorities to make required security arrangements.

The Election Commission of India releases the guidelines to conduct free and fair election in the country. These guidelines give the overview to the political parties and candidates about what “do and don’t” before and during the election.

In other words, Model Code of Conduct is a set of instructions to be followed by both candidates in the fray and political parties contesting elections. The Model Code of Conduct is a set of guidelines and instructions on campaigning, general conduct and meetings etc. during elections. The Model Code of Conduct remains effective till the entire elections process is not completed.

1. No political party or candidate can secure votes on the basis of caste and religion. That is the reason that temples, mosques, churches and other religious places shall not be used for election propaganda/campaigning.

2. No political party or candidate shall be involved in any such activity, so that there is an atmosphere of hatred and tension among the people of different castes and religions.

Political Parties and candidates will have the right to criticize the policies and programs, past records and work of their opposition parties. Parties and candidates shall refrain themselves from commenting on the personal life or family of any candidate.

Threatening voters, giving bribe, campaigning in the periphery of 100 meters from polling booths, organizing a public meeting within 48 hours of polling, and arranging transport “to and from” the polling booths is also prohibited.

No political parties or candidates shall permits its or his followers to use the land, building, compound, wall, vehicle without the permission of the property owner for pasting pamphlets, banners, displaying party flags, writing slogans etc.