Tell about Electric Currents ?

When the circuit is solved, a negative value for the variable means that the actual direction of current through that circuit element is opposite that of the chosen reference direction.

Each atom consists of subatomic particles such as electrons,

protons, and neutrons. These subatomic particles are smaller than the atom. Electrons are the negatively charged particles, protons are the positively charged particles,

In electronic circuits, the reference current directions are often chosen so that all currents are toward ground. This often corresponds to the actual current direction, because in many circuits the power supply voltage is positive with respect to ground.

neutrons are the neutral particles

For exploiting the heating effect of electric current, the element of appliances must have high melting point to retain more heat.

Ohm's law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the potential difference across the two points. Introducing the constant of proportionality, the resistance

The heating effect of electric current is used in the following applications:

Electric Bulb: In an electric bulb

one arrives at the usual mathematical equation that describes this relationship

the filament of bulb gives light because of heating effect of electricity.

Magnetic effect of electric current is one of the major effects which functions as the basic principle in appliances used in various fields of activities.

where I is the current through the conductor in units of amperes, V is the potential difference measured across the conductor in units of volts, and R is the resistance of the conductor in units of ohms.

The direction of magnetic field through a current carrying conductor is determined

by the direction of flow of electric current.

More specifically, Ohm's law states that the R in this relation is constant, independent of the current.

HEATING EFFECT OF ELECTRIC CUURENT.

In alternating current (AC) systems, the movement of electric charge periodically reverses direction

AC is the form of electric power most commonly delivered to businesses and residences.

The usual waveform of an AC power circuit is a sine wave. Certain applications use different waveforms, such as triangular or square waves.

Audio and radio signals carried on electrical wires are also examples of alternating current. An important goal in these applications is recovery of information encoded (or modulated) onto the AC signal.

In contrast, direct current (DC) is the unidirectional flow of electric charge, or a system in which the movement of electric charge is in one direction only.

Direct current is produced by sources such as batteries, thermocouples, solar cells, and commutator-type electric machines of the dynamo type

Direct current may flow in a conductor such as a wire, but can also flow through semiconductors, insulators, or even through a vacuum as in electron or ion beams. An old name for direct current was galvanic current

When current flows through a conductor,