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Manoj
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 3:28 pm
hi
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:31 pm
Lasers are amazing light beams powerful enough to zoom miles into the sky or cut through lumps of metal.
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:31 pm
Although they seem pretty recent inventions, they've actually been with us over half a century: the theory was figured out in 1958; the first practical laser was built in 1960. At that time, lasers were thrilling examples of cutting-edge science: secret agent 007, James Bond, was almost chopped in half by a laser beam in the 1964 film Goldfinger.
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:31 pm
apart from Bond villains, no-one else had any idea what to do with lasers; famously, they were described as "a solution looking for a problem."
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:32 pm
Today, we all have lasers in our homes (in CD and DVD players), in our offices (in laser printers), and in the stores where we shop (in barcode scanners).
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:32 pm
Our clothes are cut with lasers, we fix our eyesight with them, and we send and receive emails over the Internet with signals that lasers fire down fiber-optic cables.
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:32 pm
Whether we realize it or not, all of us use lasers all day long, but how many of us really understand what they are or how they work?
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:32 pm
The basic idea of a laser is simple. It's a tube that concentrates light over and over again until it emerges in a really powerful beam.
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:32 pm
But how does this happen, exactly? What's going on inside a laser? Let's take a closer look!
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:33 pm
Lasers are more than just powerful flashlights.
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:33 pm
The difference between ordinary light and laser light is like the difference between ripples in your bathtub and huge waves on the sea.
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:33 pm
You've probably noticed that if you move your hands back and forth in the bathtub you can make quite strong waves.
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:33 pm
If you keep moving your hands in step with the waves you make, the waves get bigger and bigger.
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:33 pm
Imagine doing this a few million times in the open ocean. Before long, you'd have mountainous waves towering over your head! A laser does something similar with light waves.
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:33 pm
It starts off with weak light and keeps adding more and more energy so the light waves become ever more concentrated.
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:34 pm
Where a flashlight produces "white" light (a mixture of all different colors, made by light waves of all different frequencies), a laser makes what's called monochromatic light (of a single, very precise frequency and color—often bright red or green or an invisible "color" such as infrared or ultraviolet).
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:34 pm
Where a flashlight beam spreads out through a lens into a short and fairly fuzzy cone, a laser shoots a much tighter, narrower beam over a much longer distance (we say it's highly collimated).
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:34 pm
Where the light waves in a flashlight beam are all jumbled up (with the crests of some beams mixed with the troughs of others), the waves in laser light are exactly in step: the crest of every wave is lined up with the crest of every other wave.
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:34 pm
We say laser light is coherent. Think of a flashlight beam as a crowd of commuters, pushing and shoving, jostling their way down the platform of a railroad station; by comparison, a laser beam is like a parade of soldiers all marching precisely in step.
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:35 pm
A laser is effectively a machine that makes billions of atoms pump out trillions of photons (light particles) all at once so they line up to form a really concentrated light beam.
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:35 pm
A load of atoms (a solid, liquid, or gas) with electrons in them that we can stimulate. This is known as the medium or, sometimes, the amplifying or "gain" medium (because gain is another word for amplification).
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:35 pm
Something to stimulate the atoms with, such as a flash tube (like the xenon flash lamp in a camera) or another laser.
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:35 pm
A typical red laser would contain a long crystal made of ruby (the medium, shown in the artwork below as a red bar) with a flash tube (yellow zig-zag lines) wrapped around it.
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:35 pm
The flash tube looks a bit like a fluorescent strip light, only it's coiled around the ruby crystal and it flashes every so often like a camera's flash lamp.
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karan
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

Tue Jan 15, 2019 4:36 pm
A high-voltage electric supply makes the tube flash on and off.
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What is Laser and how do it work ? Empty Re: What is Laser and how do it work ?

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